The Effects of Gambling
Gambling involves a game or activity in which someone risks something of value for a chance at winning something of greater value. It may take place in a variety of settings, such as casinos, racetracks, church halls, card games and the Internet. It is often viewed as a harmless recreational activity, but it is also known to have social and health impacts. It is important to know the difference between gambling and betting as a way to avoid any negative consequences.
Many people have the misperception that gambling is a low-risk, high-reward entertainment choice, and they feel compelled to gamble for a thrill of anticipation. But the reality is that the odds are always against them and they can lose more than they can win. This is why it’s important to set clear boundaries and limit how much time you spend gambling.
Problem gambling can affect anyone, regardless of economic status, cultural background or level of education. It can be triggered by financial problems, boredom, depression, grief or other life events, such as the loss of a loved one. It can also be caused by an underlying medical condition.
It is estimated that the prevalence of pathological gambling in the United States is between 3% and 5%. The growing recognition of gambling as an addictive behavior has increased its evaluation in primary care settings.1
The literature examining the effects of gambling includes both research on the risk factors and treatment for problem gambling as well as studies that examine the consequences and costs of gambling behaviors. The MEDLINE database (1966 to present) was searched using the MeSH heading “gambling.” The search included articles that reported data regarding the costs, benefits and risk factors of gambling and articles that discussed screening strategies for gambling addiction.
A variety of different methodologies were used in the studies included surveys, laboratory and clinical experiments, observational studies and longitudinal cohort studies. Most studies were published in peer-reviewed journals.
Several interventions are available to help individuals overcome a gambling problem, including psychotherapy and medications. Psychotherapy focuses on addressing the underlying issues that are contributing to an individual’s urges to gamble. Behavioral therapy helps individuals learn healthy coping skills and develop a better understanding of their triggers.
Other helpful approaches include spending time with friends and family, participating in an alternative recreational activity or hobby and exercising regularly. A person can also seek support from a friend or relative who has experienced gambling addiction, or from a peer support group like Gamblers Anonymous, which is modeled after Alcoholics Anonymous. A combination of these methods can be particularly effective in overcoming a gambling disorder. It is also a good idea to consider family therapy, which can help educate children and family members about the dangers of gambling. This can improve communication and promote a healthier home environment. It’s also a good idea to write down the motivations you have for changing your habits, and revisit these when you feel strong urges to gamble.